References

References for Chapter Two

Recreation Impacts Section

Abruzzi, W. 1985. Water and community development in the Little Colorado River basin. Hum Ecol 13(3):241-269.

Arizona Game and Fish Department. 1994. Wildlife 2000 Survey. Volume 1:Summary Analysis. Phoenix, AZ.

The Arizona Nature Conservancy. 1989. Executive summary. Tucson, AZ.

Arizona State Parks Board. 1987. Performance audit report to the Arizona legislature. Phoenix, AZ.

Arizona State Parks Board. 1993. Arizona Off Highway Vehicle Recreation Plan. Phoenix AZ.

Arizona State Parks Board. 1994 Arizona Statewide Comprehensive Recreation Plan (SCORP). Phoenix, AZ.

Associated Press. 1994a. Fecal-coliform bacteria reported at Oak Creek: More tests to come. The Arizona Republic. August 20, Phoenix, AZ.

Associated Press. 1994b. One killed when lightning strikes 3 campers on Mount Lemmon. The Arizona Republic. September 26, Phoenix, AZ..

Associated Press. 1992. Human waste is plaguing Lake Powell. The Arizona Republic. November 15, Phoenix, AZ.

Barker, J. 1992. Power plants not sole cause of canyon pollution, panel told. The Arizona Republic. May 1, Phoenix, AZ.

Berkeley Wellness Center. 1992. Exercising in bad air. The University of California, Berkeley Wellness Letter 8(11).

Bishop, J. 1991. Colorado Plateau: Rays of hope for clean air. Is the right road being taken now? The Arizona Republic. September, Phoenix, AZ.

Bryan, H. 1977. Leisure value systems and recreational specialization: The case of trout fishermen. J Leis Res. 9(3):174-187.

Burkhart, B. 1993. Heavy rain & melting snow make desert lakes high and hazardous. The Arizona Republic. February 7, Phoenix, AZ.

Cannella, D. 1994. 600 scouts flee camp due to fire: No injuries in blaze near Payson. The Arizona Republic. June 25, Phoenix, AZ.

Castleman, M. 1991. A jog in the smog? Sierra 76(5):20.

Clark, R. and G. Stankey. 1979. The recreation opportunity spectrum:A framework for planning, management, and research. USDA FS Gen Tech Rep PNW-98. Pac NW Forest Range Exper Sta, Seattle, WA.

Clawson, M. 1985. Outdoor recreation: Twenty-five years of history, twenty-five years of projection. Leis Sci 7(1):73-99.

Colby, B., Daniel, T. and W. Shaw. 1991. The values of Arizona's natural environment. In Preserving Arizona's Natural Heritage. Arizona Town Hall, Phoenix, AZ.

Colley, J. 1988. Parks and Recreation Comprehensive Recreation Plan. City of Phoenix Parks, Recreation and Library Department, Phoenix, AZ.

Cole, D. 1994. The wilderness threats matrix:A framework for assessing impacts. USDA FS, Research Paper INT-475. Intermt Res Sta, Ogden, UT.

Cone, P. 1993. Deep in the canyon:Exploring the effects of human intervention. Tech Rev 96(7):34-40.

Crawford, M. 1990. Scientists battle over Grand Canyon pollution. Science 247: 911-912.

Creno, G. 1991. Burning memories: Dude fire left lives and Payson economy in ruins. The Phoenix Gazette. May 27, Phoenix, AZ.

Dial, M. and J. Villa. 1994. Arizona fires still raging at Saguaro Monument, Chiricahua blazes escape containment. The Arizona Republic. July 7, Phoenix, AZ.

Drinkwater, H. 1986. Arizonans' Recreation Needs on Federal Lands. Governor's Task Force on Recreation on Federal Lands. Governor's office, Phoenix, AZ.

Driver, B. 1977. Social benefits of outdoor recreation participation. USDA FS Gen Tech Rep SE-9. Rocky Mt Forest Range Exper Sta, Fort Collins, CO.

________, Brown, P. and G. Peterson. 1991. Research on leisure benefits:An introduction to this volume . In Benefits of Leisure. Venture Publishing, State College, PA.

Elfring, C. 1990. Conflict in the Grand Canyon. BioSci 40(10):709-711.

Felt, S. 1992 Weekly soil tests reveal park still contaminated. The Arizona Republic. August 5, Phoenix, AZ.

Godbey, G., Graefe, A. and S. James. 1992. The benefits of local recreation and park services: A nationwide study of the perceptions of the American public. National Recreation and Park Association and the National Recreation Foundation, Arlington, VA.

Golfen, B. 1994. Phoenix creeping up on once-isolated enclave: New River beginning to feel growing pains. The Arizona Republic. April 3, Phoenix, AZ.

Golfen, B. 1993. Stream fouled by mine runoff. The Arizona Republic. February 7, Phoenix, AZ.

Greey, G., Cheatham, G. and R. Virden. 1979. Literature Review, Projected User Data and Annotated Bibliography: The Lower Colorado River. Department of Leisure Studies, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ.

Harris, D. 1991. Cancer linked to fish in rivers. The Arizona Republic. October 11, Phoenix, AZ.

Hartmann, L., Harrison, R. and William Makel. 1992. Potential impact of aircraft overflights of national forest system wildernesses. USDA FS. Report to Congress, Washington, DC.

Hendee, J., Stankey, G. and R. Lukas. 1990. Wilderness Management. North American Press, Golden, CO.

Hendee, John C., Richard P. Gale and William R. Catton, Jr. 1971. "A typology of outdoor recreation activity preferences". The Journal of Environmental Education. 3(1):28-33.

Ingley, K. 1994. County's polluted air called deadly threat. The Arizona Republic. April 30, Phoenix, AZ.

Ingley, K. 1994 Haze may be here to stay: U.S. defends county on particulate fight. The Arizona Republic. April 16, Phoenix, AZ.

Knopf, R. 1987. Human behavior, cognition, and affect in the natural environment. Pages 783-827 in D. Stokolic and I. Altman (eds.). Handbook of Environmental Psychology. John Wiley and Sons, New York,

Kort, T. 1992. What's wrong (or right) with the valley. The Phoenix Gazette. April 30, Phoenix, AZ.

Lee, M., Gordon, P. and L. Tucker. 1993. 1992 Kaibab visitor study: report 1, statistical abstract. Report prepared by School of Forestry, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff AZ.

Lee, M., Knopf, R., Stein, T. et al. 1994. 1992 Kaibab visitor study: report 4, final report. Report prepared by School of Forestry, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff AZ.

Lovejoy, T. 1992. Looking to the next millennium. Nat Pks 66(1-2):41-45.

Manning, R. 1986. Studies in outdoor recreation. Oregon State University Press, Corvallis, OR.

Marshall, J. 1992. Another LA? Valley can yet reverse the trend. The Phoenix Gazette. December 8, Phoenix AZ.

Master, L., Williams, J., Miller, R. and F. Abarca. 1991. Water-based animals are becoming extinct faster than others:studies reveal gaping holes in the food chain. The New York Times. 140(C4), April 23, New York, NY.

McCloy, M. 1994. Learn to live with a 'killer": Africanized bees are here to stay. The Phoenix Gazette. February 22, Phoenix, AZ.

McMahon, E. 1992. The point of view. Nat Pks 66(3):26-27.

Minkley, W. and D. Kubly. 1995. ACERP 1995, Section 2: Ecosystems, Streams and Rivers. ADEQ, Phoenix, AZ.

National Park Service. 1995. Grand Canyon National Park general management plan and environmental impact statement. Draft report. March.

National Research Council. 1993. Stronger action urged to fight smog in parks. ENR. February.

Nelson, J. 1992. Closed park area reopens:Bacteria count falls to safe level. The Arizona Republic. August 21, Phoenix, AZ.

Padgett, M. 1991. Gila River Channel target of crackdown, cleanup effort. The Phoenix Gazette. May 20, Phoenix, AZ.

Patten, D. and R. Ohmart. 1995. ACERP 1995, Section 2: Ecosystems, Riparian. ADEQ, Phoenix, AZ.

Paulson, S. 1994. Pollution chokes fun out of wilderness. The Arizona Republic. May 22, Phoenix, AZ.

Sadek, H. 1994. A future for the past:Saving the world's cultural resources from decay and loss will require a cooperative effort among scientists, politicians, and the public. Nat Pks 68(1-2):38-39.

Schneider, E. 1993. Short-sighted politicians endanger eagles. The Phoenix Gazette. June 18, Phoenix, AZ.

Schneider, K. 1991. Utilities to take steps to cut haze at Grand Canyon. The New York Times. August 9, New York, NY.

Schreyer, R. 1990. Conflict in outdoor recreation: The scope of the challenge to resource planning and management. In Social Science and Natural Resource Recreation Management. Westview Press, Boulder, CO.

Schreyer, R., Lime, D. and D. Williams. 1984. Characterizing the influence of past experience on recreation behavior. J Leis Res 16(1):34-50.

Science News Staff. 1990 Weekday pollution winds way to desert. Science News 138(4):62.

Shaffer, M. 1991a. Mohave County protests soot of power plant:Petitions Nevada for emissions cut. The Arizona Republic. September 5, Phoenix, AZ.

Shaffer, Mark. 1991b. Stand's dumping into canyon spurs lawsuit step. The Arizona Republic. March 29, Phoenix, AZ.

Shaw, W. and B. Tellman. 1991. Urban washes, open spaces and wildlife. In Preserving Arizona's Natural Heritage. Arizona Town Hall, Phoenix, AZ.

Shelby, B. and T. Heberlein. 1984. A conceptual framework for carrying capacity determination. Leis Sci 6(4):433-451.

Shelby, B. and J. Nielson. 1976a. Motors and oars in the Grand Canyon. Human Ecology Research Service, Inc. Boulder, CO. June.

Shelby, B. and J. Nielson. 1976b. Use levels and crowding in the Grand Canyon. Human Ecology Research Service, Inc. Boulder, CO. June.

Sidener, J. 1991. Arizona termed water polluter: One of 'dirty dozen' states. The Arizona Republic. June 19, Phoenix, AZ.

Sidener, J. 1991. Salt River:Fishing hole in a murky debate. The Arizona Republic. August 19, Phoenix, AZ.

Smerdon, E. 1992. Impact of global change on water resources. AZ J Intl and Comp Law 9(1):155-168.

Smith, D. 1994. Making a clean catch:Tainted fish are hard to come by. The Phoenix Gazette. July 7, Phoenix, AZ.

Snover, D. 1993. Scenic beauty is draw:Friendly people rank 2nd in poll. The Arizona Republic. April. 28, Phoenix, AZ.

Sommer, A. 1994. Gilbert may land theme park. The Arizona Republic. December 12, Phoenix, AZ.

Ulrich, R., Dimberg, U. and B. Driver. 1991. Psychophysiological indicators of leisure benefits. In Benefits of Leisure. Venture Publishing, State College, PA.

Van Der Werf, M. 1991. Batteries dumped in lake:Marinas praised by agency. The Arizona Republic. March 23, Phoenix, AZ.

Varaday, R. 1991. Preserving Arizona's Environmental Heritage. 59th annual town hall report. Phoenix Town Hall, Phoenix, AZ.

Virden, R. 1990. A comparison study of wilderness users and nonusers: Implications for managers and policymakers. J Park and Rec Admin 8(3):13-24.

Virden, R. and R. Knopf. 1989. Activities, experiences, and environmental settiongs: A case study of recreation opportunity spectrum relationships. Leis Sci 11:159-176.

Virden, R. and R. Schreyer. 1988. Recreation specialization as an indicator of environmental preference. Envir and Behav 20(6):721-739.

Virden, R. and C. Yoshioka. 1992. Arizona SCORP Needs Assessment Study. Arizona State Parks Board, Phoenix, AZ.

Wilkinson, T. 1992. Grappling with gridlock. Nat Pks 66(11-12):26-32.

Yozwiak, S. 1992. Utilities, environmentalists battle at meeting of 7-State clean-air panel. The Arizona Republic. May 9, Phoenix, AZ.

Yozwiak, S. 1993a. Arizonans 'protective' of canyon poll:Majority willing to pay for its safety. The Arizona Republic. March 12, Phoenix, AZ.

Yozwiak, S. 1993b. Luke's effluent overly toxic, lawsuit claims. The Arizona Republic. May 5, Phoenix, AZ.

Yozwiak, Steve. 1994a. Many sources at fault for Havasu pollution. The Arizona Republic. July 28, Phoenix, AZ.

Yozwiak, S. 1994b. Lake Havasu boat firm fined for '92 waste dumping. The Arizona Republic. August 4, Phoenix, AZ.

Yozwiak, Steve. 1994c. Population problems affect Arizona from inside and outside. The Arizona Republic. September 4, Phoenix, AZ.

Social Impacts Section

Arizona Department of Environmental Quality. 1991. Air quality data for Arizona, Phoenix, AZ.

________, 1993a. Will we ever breathe easier?: Tackling Arizona's air pollution. Arizona Environment, Phoenix, AZ.

________, 1993b. Rolling on the river. Arizona Environment, Phoenix, AZ.

________, 1994a. Remedial Projects Section. Project List Update, October, Phoenix, AZ.

________, 1994b. Superfund. Arizona Environment, Phoenix, AZ.

Arizonans for Non-Smokers' Rights. 1994. Arizona City Ordinances. List compiled by Arizonans' for Non-Smokers' Rights. 1 page handout, July, Phoenix, AZ.

Brittle, S. 1994. Residents remain concerned about QPC fire. Guest editorial, The Arizona Republic. March 23: 2, Phoenix, AZ.

Bullard, R. and Wright, B. 1986. Environmentalism and the politics of equity: Emergent trends in the Black community. Mid-Am Rev Sociol (12):21-37.

Carley, M. 1983. A review of selected methods. Pages 35-54 in K. Finsterbusch, L. Llewellyn and C. P. Wolf (eds.). Social Impact Assessment Methods. Westview Press, Boulder, CO.

Carley, M. and Bustelo, E. 1984. Social impact assessment and monitoring: A guide to the literature. Westview Press, Boulder, CO.

Coalition News. 1994. A publication of Arizonans for Non-Smokers' Rights. Summer

Coe, A. 1995. Superstition Area Land Trust. Personal communication, March, Phoenix, AZ.

Fry, R. 1995. Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, Division of Water Quality. Personal communication, June, Phoenix, AZ.

Hoye, D. 1993. Sick, tired and scared the toxic smoke is gone but illness takes its place. The Phoenix Gazette. February 4: A1, Phoenix, AZ.

Hyde, P. 1995. Elevated fecal coliform levels in selected swimming areas in Lake Havasu City, Arizona. Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, Division of Water Quality. Phoenix, Arizona.

Ibitayo, O. 1993. Scrap tire recycling/processing in Arizona. Recycling Review, 1(3): 4-7, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ.

Ingley, K. 1994. Growing pains, relentless expansion cuts into quality of Valley life. An acre an hour/The price of sprawl. The Arizona Republic, September 25: A1, Phoenix, AZ.

Jaggers, G. 1995. Civil Engineer, City of Phoenix, City Transportation. Personal communication, Phoenix, AZ.

Kwok, A. 1994. Urban planning runs in mayor's race. The Arizona Republic. p. B1, Phoenix, AZ.

Larson, D. 1995. ACERP 1995. Section 4: Quality of Life, Degradation of the Built and Cultural Environment. ADEQ, Phoenix, AZ.

Lee, P. 1995. Fort Mohave Tribal Utilities, Mohave Valley, Arizona. Personal communication.

Mellnick, R. 1988.

Motz, A. 1983. Historical documents. Pages 111-125 in K. Finsterbusch, L. Llewellyn and C. P. Wolf, (eds.). Social impact assessment methods. Westview Press, Boulder, CO.

Mushkatel, A., Pijawka, D. and Nigg, J. 1990. Social impact assessment in siting high level nuclear waste repository in Nevada: The use of risk future scenarios. Proceedings of a conference held at University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ.

Plachecki, L. 1994. 18 months later: Questions remain citizens think fire caused health woes. The Arizona Republic/The Phoenix Gazette, February 16:1, Phoenix, AZ.

Roper, R. 1983. Ethnography. Pages 95-107 in K. Finsterbusch, L Llewellyn and C. P. Wolf (eds.). Social impact assessment methods. Westview Press, Boulder, CO.

Russel, D. 1989. Environmental racism: Minorities and their battle against toxics. Amicus J 11(2):22-32.

Segretti, F. 1994. Mayor of Jerome, AZ. Personal communication, September.

Whiting, B. 1993. Suit claims health woes linked to fire at plant. The Arizona Republic. August 28:B1, Phoenix, AZ.

Whitney, H. 1994. Urban expert says Arizona needs coordinated plan. The Phoenix Gazette. October 21, Phoenix, AZ.

Wolf, C. P. 1983. Social impact assessment: A methodological overview. Pages 15-33 in K. Finsterbusch, L. Llewellyn and C. P. Wolf (eds.). Social impact assessment methods. Westview Press, Boulder, CO.

Yozwiak, S. 1994. Health woes persist in area of plant fire. The Arizona Republic. March 14:B1, Phoenix, AZ.

Economic Impacts Section

Arizona Town Hall. 1991. Preserving Arizona's Environmental Heritage. Udall Center for Studies in Public Policy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ.

Arizona Town Hall. 1985. Managing Water Quality in a Water Scarce State. Report prepared by School of Renewable Natural Resources, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ.

California Comparative Risk Project. 1994. Toward the 21st Century: Planning for the Protection of California's Environment. Report to California Environmental Protection Agency, Sacramento, CA.

Colorado Environment 2000. 1989. Ranking Reports and Analysis of Issues, Western Center for Comparative Risk, Boulder, CO.

US EPA. 1990. Reducing Risk: Setting Priorities and Strategies for Environmental Protection, SAB-EC-90-2, Washington, DC.

US EPA. 1993. A Guidebook to Comparing Risks and Setting Environmental Priorities, EPA 230-B-93-003, Washington, DC.

Vermont Agency of Natural Resources. 1991. Environment 1991: Risks to Vermont and Vermonters, Technical Appendix, Montpelier, VT.

Health Values

Arizona Comparative Environmental Risk Project. 1995a. Health Risks from Emergency Events Involving Hazardous Substances. Human Health section. Draft report. ADEQ, Phoenix, AZ.

__________ 1995b. Health Risks from Criteria Pollutants in Arizona. Human Health section. Draft report. ADEQ, Phoenix, AZ.

__________ 1995c. Outdoor Air--Human Health Assessment. Human Health section. Draft report. ADEQ, Phoenix, AZ.

__________ 1995d. Asbestos. Human Health section. Draft report. Phoenix, AZ.

__________ 1995e. Health Effects from Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Sites. Human Health section. Draft report. ADEQ, Phoenix, AZ.

__________ 1995f. Health Effects of Lead. Human Health section. Draft report. ADEQ, Phoenix, AZ.

__________ 1995g. Radon Risk Assessment. Human Health section. Draft report. ADEQ, Phoenix, AZ.

__________ 1995h. Residential Radon. Human Health section. Draft report. ADEQ, Phoenix, AZ.

__________ 1995i. Environmental Tobacco Smoke Risk Assessment. Human Health section. Draft report. ADEQ, Phoenix, AZ.

__________ 1995j. Indoor Air Risk. Human Health section. Draft report. ADEQ, Phoenix, AZ.

_________ 1995k. Food Safety. Human Health section. Draft report. ADEQ, Phoenix, AZ.

__________ 1995l. Ionizing Radiation. Human Health section. Draft report. ADEQ, Phoenix, AZ.

__________ 1995m. Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation (UVR). Human Health section. Draft report. ADEQ, Phoenix, AZ.

__________ 1995n. Report of Drinking Water/Soil Subcommittee. Human Health section. Draft report. ADEQ, Phoenix, AZ.

__________ 1995o. Health Risks from Resource Conservation Act Sites. Human Health section. Draft report. ADEQ, Phoenix, AZ.

__________ 1995p. Health Risks from CERCLA (Federal Superfund) and WQARF (State Superfund) Sites. Human Health section. Draft report. ADEQ, Phoenix, AZ.

__________ 1995q. Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Materials. Human Health section. Draft report. ADEQ, Phoenix, AZ.

__________ 1995r. Underground Storage Tanks.Human Health section. Draft report. ADEQ, Phoenix, AZ.

Agee, M., and T. Crocker. 1993. Parental and Social Valuation of Child Health Information. J Pub Econ 55: 89-105.

Cifuentes, L. and L. 1993. Economic Valuation of Air Pollution Abatement: Benefits from Health Effects. Ann Rev Energy and Envir 18:319-342.

Cooper, B. and D. Rice. 1976. The Economic Cost of Illness Revisited. Soc Sec Bull, Feb:21-36.

Crocker, J., Schultze, W. Ben David, S. and A.V. Kneese. 1979. Methods Development for Assessing Air Pollution Control Benefits, Vol. I. Experiments in Economics of Epidemiology, US EPA, Washington, DC.

Freeman, M. 1992. Air and Water Pollution Control. John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY.

__________ 1993. The Measurement of Environmental and Resources Values: Theory and Methods. Resources for the Future, Washington, DC.

Gillette, D. 1977. Ambient Oxidant Exposure and Health Costs in the United States, 1973. J Air Poll Control Assoc, 27(4): 329-331.

Gerking, S., De Haan, M. and W. Schulze. 1993. The Marginal Value of Job Safety: A Contingent Valuation Study. Pages 129-141 in Environmental Economics: A Reader. St. Martin's Press, New York, NY

Gerking, S. and L. R. Stanley. 1993. An Economic Analysis of Air Pollution and Health: the Case for St. Louis. Pages 194-203 in Environmental Economics: A Reader. St. Martin's Press, New York, NY.

Group Health Insurance Association (GHIA). 1993. HMO Industry Profile, 1993 Edition. November, GHIA, Washington, DC.

Hall, J., Winer, A., Kleinman, M., et al. 1992. Valuing the Health Benefits of Clean Air. Sci 255 : 812-817.

Harrington, W., Krupnick,A., and W. Spofford, Jr. 1989. The Economic Losses of a Waterborne Disease Outbreak. J Urb Econ 25:116-137

Health Insurance Association of America (HIAA). 1994. Source Book of Health Insurance Data--1993. HIAA, Washington, DC.

Redisch, M., Gabel, J. and M. Blaxall. 1977. Physician Pricing, Costs and Income--- Preliminary Version. Prepared for the Western Economic Association Meetings. June 20, Anaheim, CA.

Tengs, T., Weinstein, M., Graham. J., et al. 1994. Five-Hundred Life-Saving Interventions and Their Cost-Effectiveness. Harvard Center for Risk Analysis, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA.

US Environmental Protection Agency. 1989. Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund, Vol. 1, Human Health Evaluation Manual (Part A). US EPA/540/1-89/002. Washington, DC.

__________ 1991. Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund, Vol. 1, Human Health Evaluation (Part C). Washington, D.C., EPA/540/R-92/004. Washington, DC.

__________ 1989. Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund, Vol. II, Environmental Evaluation Manual. US EPA/540/1-89/001. Washington, DC.

__________ 1986. Addendum to Oxidants and Asthmatics in Los Angeles: A Benefit Analysis. US EPA-230-09-86-017,Washington, DC.

__________ 1989. Exposure Factors Handbook. Office of Health and Environmental Assessment. US EPA600/8/89/043, Washington, DC.

__________ 1993. A Guidebook to Comparing Risks and Setting Environmental Priorities. US EPA230-B-93-003, Washington, DC.

US Statistical Abstract. 1994. US. Government Documents, Washington, DC.

Viscusi, W., Magat, W. and J. Huber. 1991. Pricing Environmental Health Risks: Survey Assessments of Risk-Risk and Risk-Dollar Trade-offs for Chronic Bronchitis. J Envir Econ and Mgmt 21:32-51.

Walker, K. and W. Gaugr. 1973. The Dollar Value of Household Work. Cooperative Extension Bulletin Information Bulletin, New York College of Human Ecology. Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

Accidental Releases

Arizona Department of Environmental Quality. 1995a. Emergency Response Contract Cleanups, FY 1987 - 1994; Table of Incidents by Month 1989-1993. Phoenix, AZ.

__________ 1995b. Hazardous Material Logbook, 1993. Emergency Response Unit. Phoenix, AZ.

__________ 1993. Annual Report. Phoenix, AZ.

Arizona Division of Emergency Services. 1992. Arizona Hazardous Material Incident Reporting System - Database for 1991 and 1992. Phoenix, AZ.

Arizona Division of Emergency Services. 1991b. Instruction Manual: Arizona Hazardous Material Incident Reporting System. Department of Emergency and Military Services. Phoenix, AZ.

Arizona Division of Environmental Management. 1993. Letter from W. D. Lockwood, Director (ADEM) to Governor Fife Symington, August 1.

Industrial Economics, Incorporated. 1990. US EPA Region 6, Comparative Risk Project: Economic Welfare Ranking. Prepared for US Environmental Protection Agency, Wasshington, DC.

Richey, D. 1995. Arizona Department of Environmental Quality. Personal Communication, March 10, Phoenix, AZ.

Crop and Vegetation Damage

Arizona Agricultural Statistics Service. 1994. A Cooperative Function of the US. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Statistics Service, and The University of Arizona, Department of Agricultural Economics, Bulletin S-29, 2.3 M, Tucson, AZ.

Arizona Department of Environmental Quality. 1993. Ozone Concentration Readings for Maricopa County, Casa Grande, and Pima County. Phoenix, AZ.

Benedict, H., Miller, C. and R. Olsen. 1971. Economic Impact on Plants in the United States. Final Report. Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park, CA.

Lefohn, A.S. 1992. Surface Level Ozone Exposures and Their Effects on Vegetation. Lewis Publishers, St. Louis, MO.

Liu, B. and E. Yu. 1976. Physical and Economic Damage Function for Air Pollutants by Receptors. US EPA, Midwest Research Institute, Kansas City, MO.

Loucks, O. 1995. Miami University, Ohio. Personal Communication, March.

Nowak, D., 1993. Compensatory Value of an Urban Forest: An Application of the Tree-Value Formula. J Arboricul 19(3):173-177.

Oshima, R., Pie, M., Braegelmann, P. et al. 1976. Ozone dosage-Crop Loss Function For Alfalfa:A Standardized Method for Assessing Crop Losses for Air Pollutants. J Air Poll Cont Assoc 26(9):861-865.

Ryan, J., Loehman, E., Lee, W., et al. 1981. An Estimate of the Non-health Benefits of Meeting the Secondary National Ambient Air Quality Standards, Final Report. Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park, CA.

Silvertooth, J. (ed.). 1992. Cotton. College of Agriculture, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ.

Steenbergh, W and C. Lowe. 1983. Ecology of the Saguaro: III. US. Department of the Interior, NPS, Washington, DC.

Material Damage

Dobson, M. 1995. Arizona Department of Transportation, Motor Vehicle Division. Personal communication, February.

Michelson, I. and B. Tourin. 1966. Comparative Method for Studying Costs of Air Pollution. Pub Hlth Rep 81(6):505-511.

Mueller, W. and P. Stickney. 1970. A Survey and Economic Assessment of the Effects of Air Pollution on Elastomers. National Air Pollution Control Administration, Raleigh, NC.

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin. National Weather Service, US. Department of Commerce, Washington, DC.

Office of Technology Assessment. 1988. Urban Ozone and the Clean Air Act:Problems and Proposals for Change. Oceans and Environment Program, OTA, United States Congress, Washington, DC.

Raghavan, S. 1995. Professor of Materials Science and Engineering. Personal communication, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ. April.

Ryan, J., et al. 1981. An Estimate of the Non-health Benefits of Meeting the Secondary National Ambient Air Quality Standards. A Report to the National Commission on Air Quality, Washington, DC.

Spence, J., and F. Haynie. 1972. Paint Technology and Air Pollution:A Survey and Economic Assessment. US EPA, Research Triangle Park, Washington, DC.

Statistical Abstract of the United States - 1993. Bureau of the Census, US. Department of Commerce. Washington, DC.

US. Census of Manufacturing. 1993. Bureau of the Census, US. Department of Commerce, Washington, DC.

Visibility

Air Resource Specialists, Inc. 1994. National Park Service Visibility Monitoring and Data Analysis Program;Summary of Transmissometer-Based Visibility Data, Summer 1993 through Spring 1994 Seasons. NPS Contract CX-0001-1-0025.

Arizona Department of Environmental Quality. 1995. Visibility Monitoring Network, Transmissometer Data from December 1993 through November 1994.

Chestnut, L., and R. Rowe. 1990. Preservation Values for Visibility Protection at National Parks. Prepared for the Economic Analysis Branch, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, US EPA, Washington, DC.

Desert Research Institute. 1991. Phoenix Urban Haze Study, 1989-1990, Volume II: The Apportionment of Light Extinction to Sources. Final Report. DRI document No. 8931.5F1. University of Nevada, Las Vega, NV.

ENSR Consulting and Engineering. 1994. Tucson Urban Haze Study Final Report. Arizona Department of Environmental Quality 0493-005-804, Phoenix, AZ.

Loehman, E., et al. 1981. An Estimate of the Non-health Benefits of Meeting the Secondary National Ambient Air Quality Standards. Stanford Research Institute. Final Report. Menlo Park, CA.

Loehman, E., et al. 1984. Measuring the Benefits of Air Quality Changes in the San Francisco Bay Area. Stanford Research Institute. EPA-230/07-83-009, Menlo Park, CA.

MacFarland, K., Malm, W., and J.V. Molenar. 1983. An Examination of Methodologies and Social Indicators for Assessing the Value of Visibility. In Rowe and Chestnut (eds.). Managing Air Quality and Scenic Resources at National Parks and Wilderness Areas. Westview Press, Boulder, CO.

Malm, W. 1992. Characteristics and Origins of Haze in the Continental United States. Earth Sci Rev 33:1-36.

Molenar, J. 1995. Vice President, Air Resource Specialists. Personal communication, Tucson AZ.

Schulze, W., et al. 1983. The Economic Benefits of Preserving Visibility in the National Parklands of the Southwest. Nat Res J 23:149-173.

Trijonis, J., et al. 1985. Air Quality Benefit Analysis for Los Angeles and San Francisco Based on Housing Values and Visibility. Santa Fe Research Corporation, Final Report (January 1985), ARB Contract Number A2-088-32. Santa Fe,NM.

__________ et al. 1994. Spatial and Seasonal Trends in Particle Concentration and Optical Extinction in the United States. J Geophys Res, 99:1347-1370.

Ecosystems

Arizona Game and Fish Department. 1988. Threatened Native Wildlife in Arizona, Phoenix, AZ.

Arizona State Parks Board. 1994. Arizona Statewide Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plan. Phoenix, AZ.

Bagwell, K. 1995. Gila Chubs, Sunfish Battle in Sabino Creek. Arizona Daily Star, April 16:1B, 3B. Tucson, AZ.

Bagwell, K. 1995. State's Native Fish in Struggle for Life. Arizona Daily Star, April 16:1B. Tucson, AZ.

Bergstrom, J., Stoll, J., Titre, J. and V. Wright. 1990. Economic Value of Wetlands-Based Recreation. Ecol Econ 2(2):129-148.

Bishop, R. , Boyle,K., Welsh. M., Baumgartner, R. and P. Rathbun. 1987. Glen Canyon Dam Releases and Downstream Recreation:An Analysis of User Preferences and Economic Values. Recreation of the Glen Canyon Environmental Studies. Flagstaff, AZ.

Christensen, S. 1991. Is a Tree Worth a Life? Newsweek 118(6):10. August 5.

Costanza, R., Farber, S. and J. Maxwell. 1989. Valuation and Management of Wetland Ecosystems. Ecol Econ 1(4):335-362.

Crandall, K. 1991. Measuring the Economic Benefits of Riparian Areas. MS. Thesis, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ.

Cropper, M. and W. Oates. 1992. Environmental Economics:A Survey. J Econ Lit:675-740.

Gilcrest, T. 1994. H3338. Congressional Record 141(52). March, 21. Washington, DC.

Glausiuz, J. 1994. The Secret Healing Power of Sharks. Discover 15(1):86. January.

Kane, H. and L. Starke. 1992. Time for Change. Island Press, Washington, DC.

Kirchhoff, S. 1994. Estimating the Benefits of Instream Flows:Case Studies from Arizona and New Mexico. MS. Thesis, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ.

Nicholson, R. 1992. Death and Taxus. Nat Hist 101(9):20. September.

Patten, D. and R. Ohmart. 1995. Impacts of Environmental Stressors on Riparian Systems. Arizona Comparative Environmental Risk Project. Draft report, Phoenix, AZ.

Pearce, D. and D. Moran. 1994. The Economic Value of Biodiversity. Earthscan, London, UK.

Samples, K., Gowen, M. and J. Dixon. 1986. The Validity of the Contingent Valuation Method for Estimating Non-Use Components of Preservation Values for Unique Natural Resources. Paper Presented to the American Agricultural Economics Association, Reno, NV. July.

Schittroth, L. (ed.). 1994. Statistical Record of Women. Gale Research Inc., Detroit, MI.

Unsworth, R., Neumann, J. and W. E. Browne. 1992. Approaches to Environmental Benefits Assessment to Support the Clean Air Act Section 812 Analysis. US EPA, Office of Policy Analysis and Review, Washington, DC.

US. Department of Commerce. 1990. Census of Population and Housing Supplementary Reports:Urbanized Areas of the United States and Puerto Rico. CPH-S-1-2. Washington, DC.

US. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1995. Endangered and Threatened Species of Arizona. Washington, DC.

Valencia, R., Wennerlund, J. Winstead, R. et al. 1993. Arizona Riparian Inventory and Mapping Project. Arizona Game and Fish Department, Phoenix, AZ.

Walsh, R., Johnson, D. and J. R. McKean. 1992. Benefit Transfer of Outdoor Recreation Demand Studies, 1968-1988. Water Res Res 28(3).

Walsh, R., Loomis, J. and R. Gillman. 1984. Valuing Option, Existence, and Bequest Demands for Wilderness. Land Econ 60(1):13-29.

Watson, D. 1988. The Evolution of Appropriate Resource Management Systems. In Berkes, F. (ed.). Common Property Resources: Ecology and Community Based Sustainable Development. Belhaven, London, UK.

Wilson, E.O. 1992. The Diversity of Life. W.W. Norton, New York, NY.

Drinking Water

Arizona Comparative Environmental Risk Project. 1995. Report of the Drinking Water/Soil Subcommittee. Human Health Technical Committee. Draft report. Phoenix, AZ.

Arizona Department of Environmental Quality. 1994. Economic Impact Statement:Request for Review and Approval of Rules. Report prepared for the Governor's Regulatory Review Council, Phoenix, AZ.

Cooper, C. 1995. US. Environmental Protection Agency. Personal communication, San Francisco, CA. March.

Pedersen, A. 1995. VA Won't Pay $350,000 Bill for City Water. Arizona Daily Star, Tucson, AZ. March.

Southern Arizona Water Resources Association. 1989. Home Water Treatment and Bottled Water Facts for Consumers. Tucson, AZ.

US. Environmental Protection Agency. 1993. A Guidebook to Comparing Risks and Setting Environmental Priorities. Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation, EPA. 230-B-93-003, Washington, DC.

Water Resources Research Center. 1994. Officials Still Seek Source of Havasu Bacteria. AZ Water Res 3(4). September.

Land/Soil Contamination

Arizona Department of Environmental Quality. 1993. Annual Report 1993. Phoenix, AZ.

Arizona Department of Environmental Quality. 1994. Map of Superfund and WQARF Sites: Fiscal Year 1994. Phoenix, AZ.

Arizona Department of Environmental Quality. 1995a. Data from D. Richey, Region IX RCRIS Database, Phoenix, AZ.

Arizona Department of Environmental Quality. 1995b. Water Quality Assurance Revolving Fund Quarterly Report to the Joint Legislative Budget Committee for the Period of October 1, 1994 Through December 31, 1994. Phoenix, AZ.

Navaro, S. 1995. Remedial Projects Section, Arizona Department of Environmental Quality. Personal communication, Phoenix, AZ. April.

Richey, D. 1995. Arizona Department of Environmental Quality. Personal communication, Phoenix, AZ. March.

US. Environmental Protection Agency. 1993. A Guidebook to Comparing Risks and Setting Environmental Priorities. Prepared for the Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation, Washington, DC.

Wheeler, D. 1995. Programs and Projects Specialist, Underground Storage Tank Section, Arizona Department of Environmental Quality. Personal communication, Phoenix, AZ. March.

Groundwater

Arizona Department of Environmental Quality. 1994. Arizona Water Quality Assessment. Phoenix, AZ.

Cooper, C. 1995. US Environmental Protection Agency. Personal communication, San Francisco, CA. March.

US Environmental Protection Agency. 1993. A Guidebook to Comparing Risks and Setting Environmental Priorities. Office of Policy Planning and Evaluation. EPA. 230-B-93-003. Washington, DC.

Surface Water

Arizona Comparative Environmental Risk Project. 1995. Report of the Drinking Water/Soil Subcommittee. Human Health Technical Committee. Draft report. ADEQ, Phoenix, AZ.

Fry, R. 1995. Arizona Department of Environmental Quality. Personal Communication, Phoenix, AZ. April.

US Environmental Protection Agency. 1993. A Guidebook to Comparing Risks and Setting Environmental Priorities. Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation. EPA. 230-B-93-003. Washington, DC.

Water Resources Research Center. 1994. Officials Still Seek Source of Havasu Bacteria. AZ Water Res 3(4). September.

References for Chapter Three

Degredation of the Built and Cultural Environment Section

Altschul, J. and H. Fairley. 1989. Man, Models, and Management: An Overview of the Archaeology of the Arizona Strip and the Management of its Cultural Resources. Unpublished ms. on file, USFS, Kaibab National Forest, Williams, AZ.

Arizona State Parks Board. 1995. Statewide Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plan. Arizona State Parks, Phoenix, AZ.

Coconino National Forest. 1987. Coconino National Forest: Planning Assessment and Overview. Unpublished ms. on file, Coconino National Forest, Flagstaff, AZ.

Doyle, G., Stone, L. and R. Lynch. 1992. Arizona Heritage Fund Historic Preservation Five- Year Plan. Unpublished ms. on file, Arizona State Parks, Phoenix, AZ.

Fish, P., Moberly, P. and P. Pilles, Jr. 1975. Final Report of Phase IIB Archaeological Studies: EBASCO Services, Inc., Arizona Public Service Co. Transmission System Study. Unpublished ms. on file, Museum of Northern Arizona Department of Anthropology, Flagstaff, AZ.

Moore, R. 1994. Preserving Traces of the Past: Protecting the Colorado Plateau's Archaeological Heritage. Unpublished ms. on file, The Grand Canyon Trust, Flagstaff, AZ.

Pilles, P, Jr. 1988. Archaeological Site Vandalism and the Arizona Response. Unpublished ms. on file, Coconino National Forest, Flagstaff, AZ.

Ozone Depletion Section

Brown, L., et.al. 1992. State of the World:1992. Worldwatch Institute. W.W. Norton and Co., New York, NY.

Brown, L., et.al. 1993a. State of the World: 1993. Worldwatch Institute. W.W. Norton and Co., New York, NY.

Brown, L., et.al. 1993b. Vital Signs 1993. Worldwatch Institute. W.W. Norton and Co., New York, NY.

CSIRO Media Release. 1994. Ozone Depletion-the Hole Story. (Gopher search on the Internet)

Hogan, J. 1993. Ozone Politics:They call this science? Omni:36-42, 91.

Kowalok, M. 1993. Common Threads:Research Lessons from Acid Rain, Ozone Depletion, and Global Warming. Envir 36( 6):12-20, 35-38.

Krupp, F. 1995. Factsheet on Ozone. EcoGopher at the University of Virginia (Gopher search on the Internet)

Lemonick, M. 1992. The Ozone Vanishes. Time, Feb. 17:60-68.

Parson, R. 1995. Ozone Depletion, FAQ Part I: Introduction to the Ozone Layer. (Gopher search on the Internet)

Rowlands, I. 1993. The Fourth Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol: Report and Reflection. Envir 36,(6): 25-34.

Science 1993. The Ozone Backlash. (260):1580-1583. June.

Science News. 1993. Ozone Layer Shows Record Thinning. (143):260. April.

Science News. 1993. Ozone Layer Succumbs to Assault. 308(141):308. May.

Science. 1993. The Ozone Hole Reaches a New Low. (262):501. October.